India-Singapore Defence Cooperation: Exploring Strategic and Functional Compatibilities

This is a chapter published in a book published by RSIS, Singapore. Although it was published two years ago, it provides the strategic context of the latest seminal development relating to the India-Singapore naval pact - particularly for logistics - signed in November 2017.

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Home to Asia’s resource-rich maritime commons and congested sea-lanes, the Indo-Pacific is fast emerging as a vital geo-strategic theatre of global power-play. With a key geographic position in the centre of the integrated space, India plays an important part in regional stability and security. Notwithstanding apprehensions that naval pro-activism in the Western Pacific may result in a confrontation with China, India is well positioned to partner regional states without threatening the security of other rising powers.

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The article argues that India and the United States are poised to strengthen their bilateral strategic convergences, not only in the Indian Ocean but also in Pacific-Asia that lies eastwards of the Malacca Straits, and wherein India’s geo-strategic stakes as well as its military-strategic footprint are likely to increase in the coming years. This would progressively enhance the complementarities between their navies in the western Pacific and its contiguous seas, thereby enabling substantive naval cooperation towards ensuring security and stability in the broader Indo-Pacific region. Introducing the theoretical concept of ‘geo-strategic frontier’, the article examines the various factors at play and conceives the likely future scenarios of ‘high-end’ India–US naval cooperation in Pacific-Asia, in the short-, medium- and long-term time-frames.

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ASEAN-India Development and Cooperation Report 2021: Avenues for Cooperation in Indo-Pacific (AIDCR-2021)

The paper is part of ASEAN-India Report 2021 to be released by MEA, Govt of India on 10 Nov 20. It undertakes a realistic examination of the potential for cooperation between India and the ASEAN on holistic maritime security, which includes maritime safety and good order at sea, and also negotiating the complex issue of major-power maritime rivalry in the Indo-Pacific region. The analysis is based on the Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) model.

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CNA conducted this study to determine how the United States can advance its naval and maritime relationship with India in the coming five to 10 years. U.S.-India defense relations, especially in the naval domain, have expanded in the past two decades and soared under Prime Minister Narendra Modi. The study analyzes the key factors that have shaped the course of relations between the U.S. Navy (USN) and the Indian Navy and considers India’s possible future trajectories and how they may impact bilateral naval ties. CNA concludes that key factors affecting the evolution of the USN-Indian Navy relationship are mostly beyond the control of the two navies themselves. Despite the wider diplomatic and geopolitical circumstances, there are many overlapping areas of ongoing interest between the two navies that favor closer ties. Finally, drawing on an accompanying project paper, this study suggests viewing the increasing importance of the region west of India as a promising area of bilateral naval security cooperation.

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